| A paroxysmal dystonic movement disorder occurring in association with gastro-esophageal reflux, and, in some cases, hiatal hernia. The prevalence is unknown. Onset usually occurs during infancy or early childhood. The dystonic movements are characterized by abnormal posturing of the head and neck (torticollis) and severe arching of the spine. The dystonic movements are clearly associated with gastro-esophageal reflux but the pathophysiological mechanism is not clearly understood. |
