| A rare disorder with characteristics of congenital hypothyroidism, infant respiratory distress syndrome and benign hereditary chorea. Prevalence is unknown but to date about 50 cases have been reported in the literature.The clinical spectrum varies from the complete triad of brain-lung-thyroid syndrome (50%), to brain and thyroid disease (30%), or isolated benign hereditary chorea (13%), which is the mildest expression of the syndrome. In addition, the severity of symptoms varies widely, even in families with the same disease-causing mutation. Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome is caused by mutations in the thyroid transcription factor 1 gene (NKX2-1/TITF1; 14q13.3). |
